Database
A database is essentially a place to store data. However the key to understanding the term "database" is that a database is an electronic warehouse for storing data. Databases can contain any type of data (depending on the manufacturer/vendor). For example the WikiBooks website is maintained within a database.
There are many types of database. Hierarchy database, Network database, Relational database, Object database, XML database. Even a file system or Excel can be considered as a database.
The most common structure for storing the data is as a table. Each row in the table is a record and each column is a field. The table may relate to other tables by sharing a common field. This is known as a relational database.
Relational database is the dominant database in the database market today. There are commerical ones like Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, Sybase, ANTs. Open source ones like PostgreSQL, MySQL, Derby, Berkeley DB (Sleepcat) etc.
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